1)

In the question, two statements are given followed by three or four conclusions numbered. I, II, III and IV. You have to take the given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from the commonly known facts and then decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the given statements disregarding commonly known facts.

Statements: Some books are pens. No pen is a pencil.

Conclusions: I. Some pens are books. II. Some pencils are books. III. Some books are not pencils. IV. All pencils are books.


A) Only I follows

B) Only II and III follow

C) Only I and III follow

D) Only I and II follow

Answer:

Option C

Explanation:

Since one premise is particular and the other negative, the conclusion must be particularly negative and should not contain the middle term. Thus, III follows I is the converse of the first premise and so it also holds.