1)

Mixture (s) showing positive deviation from Raoult's law at 35° C is (are) 


A) Carbon tetrachloride+methanol

B) carbon disulphide +acetone

C) benzene + toluene

D) phenol+aniline

Answer:

Option A,B

Explanation:

When the intermolecular attraction between two components A and B  in the mixture is same as between A and A or B and B, hence it is a  case of ideal solution. When intermolecular attraction between  A and B in a mixture is smaller than the between A and A or B and B, then mixture is more vaporised, bp is lowered. It is a case of positive deviation from Raoult's law. When intermolecular attraction between A and B is higher than that between  A and A or B and B, then mixture is less vaporised bp is increased. It is a case of negative deviation.

(a) Methanol  molecules ( $CH_{3}OH_{}$) are hydrogen-bonded. In a mixture of CCl4  and $CH_{3}OH_{}$, extent of H-bonding is decreased. Mixture is more vaporised thus, positive deviation from Raoult's law.

(b)  Acetone molecules have higher intermolecular attraction due to dipole-dipole interaction. With CS2, this interaction is decreased thus, positive deviation.

(c) Mixture of benzene and toluene forms ideal solution

(d) Phenol and aniline have higher interaction due to intermolecular H-bonding. Hence, negative deviation